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Technical Services Department Glossary
(from Princeton University Technical Service Department Website)
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A
- AACR 2
- Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd edition. These are the revised international rules for cataloging which are used in the Online Catalog. "AACR2 rev." is the 1988 revision of the Code.
- ALA
- American Library Association.
- Approval Plan
- A method of acquiring library materials in which a supplier is given a subject profile outlining what types of books and other materials are to be supplied. The library retains the option of returning unwanted items. Most approval plans include a notification service for items not supplied on approval but which the library may want to order.
- Archive(s)
- A collection of permanently valuable historical records documenting a particular subject or activity or transaction. Also the repository where such a collection is kept.
- Binding
- Newspapers are binded from time to time.
- CD-ROM (Compact Disc - Read Only Memory)
- Computer laser discs on which information (bibliographic citations, abstracts, full-text) is stored for access via computer workstations.
- Card Catalog
- Most items included are books and serials, but the Card Catalog also contains records for some, though by no means all, government documents, microforms, and other types of material. In general, each item is represented by several cards to provide approaches by author, title, and subject. Cards are filed in a single alphabet, following complex filing rules. The previous term used for the Card Catalog was "Public Catalog 1" or "PC1". This is now in computerized image form, and called the "Electronic Card Catalog."
- Classification
- A system for assigning certain letters or numbers to books in order to group them in different subject areas. There are two popular classification systems:
- LC - Library of Congress classification system developed at the largest library in the country, the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C.
- Dewey Decimal System
- Client/server
- An implementation of computer technology, in contrast to mainframe or "host" based systems, which distribute computing activity over several machines. Typically, but not exclusively, client/server architecture involves having the principal database stored on a high powered machine that acts as a "server" while the application or end-user interface runs on a workstation with computing power of its own, like a pc. This pc would be called the client. Client software typically is written to query the server, retrieve large amounts of data from it, and perform data manipulation and presentation on the client machine. In host/mainframe architecture, the data storage and manipulation all takes place on the central computer.
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- Department
- Within the library, there are at present 3 departments: Reference and Collection Development, Circulation Department and Technical Services all of which function under the Chief Librarian. The organization chart shows these and the units which make up each department.
- Entry
- Refers to the aspect of a catalog record by which it is retrieved, for example, an author entry.
- Government Document
- Any publication issued at government expense or published under the authority of a governmental body. Included are official papers that record the actions or deliberations of government (such as the Congressional Record), informational publications (like the many statistical compilations of the Bureau of the Census), and reports of research done under government contract.
- ISBN/ISSN
- International Standard Book Number/International Standard Serial Number.
- Internet
- A network of networks that includes local area, regional, and national backbone networks and spans many countries and continents. Networks on the Internet use the same telecommunications protocol (TCP/IP) and provide many services and protocols such as electronic mail, remote login, and file transfer.
- Keyword
- Any searchable word in the Online Catalog. For example, words in authors' names and all words in titles or subject headings are keywords. Other words in the MARC record are also searchable, such as words from the imprint and contents note. Some systems other than the Online Catalog also use a keyword approach to searching.
- LAN (Local Area Network)
- A computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same building or floor of the building.
- The Library Gateway
- Provides access to selected electronic library resources, including the Online Catalog, Online Circulation System, Eureka, GPO Database, Online Catalog of the Center for Research Libraries, National Newspaper Index, Expanded Academic Index, Princeton Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections Database, and online catalogs of other research libraries. These resources and others are presented in subject-organized menus and submenus.
- MARC
- The standard format for machine-readable bibliographic records.
- Microforms
- Photographic images greatly reduced in size from the original.
- Microfilm: 35 mm or 16 mm roll of film, much like the film used in an ordinary camera.
- Microfiche: Transparent sheet of microfilm usually four by six inches, holding 60 or 98 pages per fiche.
- Microprint: An opaque six-by-nine inch sheet.
- Microcard: An opaque three-by-five inch sheet.
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- OCLC
- Online Computer Library Center, Inc. A consortium of various libraries serving its members with an online file of bibliographic information, online union catalog, shared cataloging system, interlibrary loan system, and serials control. PUL has access to this system via computer terminals in the General and Humanities Reference Room, in Technical Services, and in Interlibrary Services. Princeton provides interlibrary loan service to New Jersey libraries via the OCLC interlibrary loan system.
- OPAC
- Online Public Access Catalog is any type of computerized library catalog, such as Princeton's online catalog.
- Online Catalog
- The in-house database of machine-readable catalog records, covering items cataloged for any location from 1992 on. We have acquired software for the Online Catalog from WINISIS. The Online Catalog can be searched by author, title, subject, call number, or keyword.
- Oversize books
- Books which are larger than average and therefore cannot be accommodated on the usual shelves. The books are shelved in specially designated areas. Oversized oks are identified by q(quarto), e(elephant), f(folio) at the end of the call number.
- Patron
- One who uses the University of Belize Library; also referred to as "user" or "reader" or "researcher."
- Selector
- A librarian who decides what materials the libraries will acquire. Selectors may be heads of special libraries or subject collections, reference librarians, or bibliographers whose primary function is selection.
- Serial
- A publication issued in successive parts and usually bearing numerical or chronological designations. Serials are intended to continue indefinitely. Examples are: periodicals, newspapers, yearbooks, etc.
- Server
- Software that allows a computer to offer a service to another computer. Other computers contact the server program by means of matching client software. It is also the computer on which the server software runs.
- Shelf List
- A file of catalog cards filed in call number order, that is, in the same order the books are found on the shelf.
- Small books
- Books which are significantly smaller in height or width than average, and therefore are usually not accommodated on the regular shelves. The books may be shelved in specially designated areas or in one of the annexes. Small books are identified by an "s" at the end of the call number.
- Special Collections
- Collections constituting materials of artifactual and particular research value. They are organized and housed by format, such as Rare Books, Manuscripts, University Archives, Visual Materials, Numismatics, and Papyrology. All are part of the Department of Rare Books and Special Collections.
- Stacks
- Shelves on which books are arranged for use in call number order. The terms "in the stacks" usually refer to the general collection, rather than to specialized areas.
- Subject Collections
- Collections dealing with special subjects and housed in a defined physical area as distinguished from open stacks; examples are the Afro-American Studies Collection, the Music Collection, the collections forming the Social Science Reference Center, the Miriam Y. Holden Collection on the History of Women, and the Biology Library. Each of these is in the charge of a librarian who is responsible for book selection and reference assistance.
- Telnet
- The Internet protocol for remote terminal connection service. Telnet allows a user at one site to interact with a system at another site as if the user's terminal were connected directly to the remote computer.
- WAIS
- Wide-Area Information Servers; a very powerful system for locating information in databases across the Internet.
- World Wide Web (WWW or W3)
- Presents materials to the user in the form of interlinked documents, known as "hypertext." Through WWW a user is able to jump from one document to a related item in another document through pre-established links.
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